
INDEX.
Abacus, 52
Abd-er-Rahman, Caliph, 126
Adan, the, 126
Age of Legend (Greece), 46
Agrippa, 76
Albert Hall, South Kensington, 181
Alexander the Great; 17;
and Thais, 34
Alexandria, obelisks at, 15
Alhambra; 129;
described by De Amicis, 129, 130
American architecture;
youth of, 181;
domestic, 183, 184;
periods of, 184;
modern writer on, 186;
promise of, 188, 190 (and see United States)
Amytis, 30
Ancient or heathen art, 2
Ancient architecture; 87;
change from, to Gothic, 79;
adapted to climate and use, 172
Andrea del Sarto, 153
Angers, church at, 103
Antæ. See pilasters
Arabs, 128
Arcades;
combined from Greek and Etruscan art, 76;
of Ducal Palace, Venice, 142
Arc de l’Étoile (Paris), 165
Arch;
knowledge of principle of, 73;
found in Etruscan ruins, 73;
oldest in Europe (of Cloaca Maxima), 74;
the Roman triumphal, 81;
of Titus, 82;
of Septimius Severus, 82;
of Beneventum, 82, 83;
Roman, 83;
(Gothic) unending use of, 95;
French use of pointed, 96;
early use of pointed, 123;
examples of, in Court of the Lions, 130;
examples of, in Ducal Palace, 142;
triumphal, in France, 164
Architecture in general, 1
Art;
as effected by Athenian influence, 67;
(Gothic) religious use of, 103;
(Gothic) revival of, 104;
(Gothic) applied to civic edifices, 104;
of Renaissance, and Filippo Brunelleschi, 134–138;
(Italian) 145;
(Italian) as a means of religion, 154
Artaxerxes Ochus, palace of, 38
Assouan. See Syene
Assyria;
ruins of, 21;
cuneiform inscriptions found in, 21;
religious influence in, 22;
bas-reliefs of, 22;
palaces of, described, 23–26;
Hercules of, 24;
196excelling in
architects and designers, 28;
obelisk of, 28, 29
Assyrian pillars, shaft of, 12
Assyrians, Persians taught by, 34
Astronomy, and Birs-i-Nimrud, 32
Athena;
Parthenos, 62;
Polias;
statue of, 62, 64;
Promachos, 62 (and see Minerva)
Athens;
Choragic Monument of Lysicrates at, 57;
Erechtheium at, 59;
Acropolis of, 61;
municipal buildings of, 67
Attic base, 55
Attic-Ionic style, the Erechtheium an example of, 65
Aue-Kirche (Munich), 175
Augustines, church of the (Paris), 160
Augustus (Emperor), boast of, 80
Autharis, 90
Avenue of Sphinxes, 13
Babylon;
inscriptions of, 21;
hanging gardens of, 29;
temples of, 30;
temple of Belus at, 31;
prophecies concerning, 33
Babylonians;
knowledge of, as builders, 30;
Persians taught by, 34
Bacchus, monument of Lysicrates dedicated to, 68
Baptistery at Florence, 90
Barry, Sir Charles, 171
Base;
Grecian Doric, 11;
decorations on, at Persepolis, 41;
Attic, 55;
Ionic, 55;
Tuscan order of, 76;
Composite, 76
Basilica;
of St. Paul’s (Rome), 88;
of the Escurial, 146, 148;
near St. Mark’s, 114;
at Munich, 175
Basilicas;
of Rome, 78;
of Trajan and Maxentius, 79;
columns of, 79;
given up to Christians, 87
Bas-reliefs, of Assyria, 22
Baths;
of Agrippa, 76;
of Diocletian, 80;
of Caracalla, 80
Battiste Monegro, statues of Escurial by, 149
Bavaria, bronze statue of, 176
Bedford House, 184
Belus, temple of (Babylon), 31
Belzoni, and tomb of Seti I., 7
Beni-Hassan, tombs at, 5
Benvenuto Cellini, 153
Bergamo, porch at, 112
Berlin;
Brandenburg Gate at, 173;
New Museum at, 177
Bianca, wife of Francesco Sforza, 144
Birs-i-Nimrud, 32
Bishop of Paris, St. Germain, 173
Boodroom, name of Halicarnassus changed to, 70
Boulevards (Paris), 164
Bourse (Lyons), 162
Bow Church (London), steeple of, 168
Bramante; 140;
great court (Milan), designed by, 144
Brandenburg Gate (Berlin), 173
British Museum, 169
Broletto at Como, 112
Brunelleschi, Filippo; 134;
and story of Columbus and the egg, 138;
statue of (Florence), 138;
architect of Pitti Palace, 138, 154
Byzantine order, the;
geographical boundaries of, 93;
in Southern Italy, 111, 115;
and Constantinople, 117;
the dome the chief characteristic of, 117;
and the Greek Church, 117;
decline of, 117;
exterior and interior of, 119
Byzantine-Romanesque, 115, 122
Cæsar, works of, 134
Cairo;
mosque at, 123;
mosque near, 125
Caliph Abd-er-Rahman, 126
197
Callimachus (sculptor), and Corinthian capital, 58, 59
Cambridge, Fitzwilliam College at, 169
Campaniles, 112, 114 (and see Clock-tower).
Canterbury Cathedral, and pointed arches, 124
Capital;
definition of, 11;
varieties of in Great Hall of Karnak, 40;
Grecian, 52;
Ionic, 55;
of Corinthian order, 57, 58;
of Roman Composite order, 75;
variety of in mosque of Cordova, 128;
in Ducal Palace, 142
Capitol;
State and National, 181;
at Washington, 182, 183;
of Ohio, 183;
at Albany, 188
Car of Victory, and Napoleon, 173
Cardinal Richelieu, 154
Caria, King of, 69
Caryatides; 59;
of the Walhalla, 178
Casino;
at Newport, 188;
at New York, 188
Cathedral;
at Aix-la-Chapelle, 123;
at Florence, 136, 138;
at Jaen, 146;
at Valladolid, 146;
of St. Paul’s London, 167;
at New York, 188
Cecilia Metella, tomb of, 84
Cella, 51
Central Park, New York, obelisk in, 16
Chambord, château of, 154, 161
Champs Elysées, Arc de l’Étoile in (Paris), 165
Charlemagne, 123
Charles I. of England and classic art, 134
Charles V. of Spain, abdication of, 146
Charles IX. of France, 161
Chehl Minar, 38 (and see Great Hall of Audience)
Chenonceaux, châteaux of, 154
Cheops. See Pyramids
Chiswick House, Inigo Jones designer of, 167
Choragic Monument of Lysicrates (Athens), 57
Choragus, 67
Christians;
art of, in Sicily, 116;
under Constantine, 87;
rise and progress of architecture of, 87;
influence of belief of, 93
Church;
of San Miniato, 115;
of Mother of God (Constantinople), 123;
of St. Vitale (Ravenna), 123;
of the Escurial, 155;
of the Sarbonne, 156;
of St. Genevieve, 158 (and see Pantheon);
of the Invalides (Paris), 156–158;
of the Trinity (Paris), 160;
of the Madeleine (Paris), 160;
of the Augustines (Paris), 160;
of St. Paul’s (Covent Garden), 166;
of St. Stephen’s (Walbrook), 168;
of St. Ludwig (Munich), 175
Churches;
early forms of, in Italy, 89;
(Gothic) interiors of, 98,
rood-screens of, 107;
of Burgos, 105;
of Toledo, 105;
of Malaga and Segovia, 146
Churriguera, Josef de, 146
Churrigueresque style, 146
Civic order, Broletto at Como, 112
Classic style, revival of, in Germany, 172
Classic literature of Rome, influence of, 153
Cleopatra’s Needles, 15
Cloaca Maxima (Rome), 74
Clock-tower; near St. Mark’s (Venice), 114 (and see Campanile)
Cologne, great cathedral of, 10
Colonial period (America), 184
Colosseum, 80 198
Colossi, 13 (and see Rameses the Great)
Columns; 11;
of Hypostyle Hall (Karnak), 11;
Assyrian knowledge of, 28;
of Great Hall of Audience, 39, 40;
Persian development of, 42;
Grecian, 52;
Ionic, 56;
of temple of Diana (Ephesus), 60;
of green jasper at St. Sophia, 61;
Tuscan order of, 76;
of basilicas, 79; of St. Paul’s (Rome), 89;
of St. Sophia, 120;
of mosque of Cordova, 127, 128;
of the Alhambra, 129, 130;
in court-yard of the Escurial, 149;
of the Pantheon, 158;
of Victory, in France, 164;
of portico of Ruhmeshalle, 176 (and see “Groves of Pillars” and Pillars)
Composite order, 75
Constantine, Emperor; 2;
Egypt in time of, 19;
arch of, 81;
Christians under, 87, 117
Constantinople;
St. Sophia at, 61;
and Byzantine order, 117
Cordova, mosque at, 126
Corinthian order; 52; 57;
capital of, 57, 58;
shown in the Madeleine (Paris), 160
Count of Thuringia, 110
Cragie House (Cambridge), 184
Crown, iron, of Theodolinda, 92
Crypt of the Invalides, 158
Custom House at Rouen, 162
Darius;
palace of, 38;
tomb of, 43
Dark Ages, 134
De Amicis;
quoted concerning the mosque of Cordova, 126;
quoted concerning the Escurial, 148–152
Diana, 60
Diocletian, palace of (Spalatro), 86
Distyle in Antis, 51
Doge’s Palace (Venice), 114 (and see Ducal Palace)
Dome;
chief characteristic of Byzantine architecture, 117; 119;
of the cathedral of Florence, 138;
of St. Peter’s (Rome), 138;
of the Invalides, 157;
of the Pantheon (Paris), 158;
of the Capitol (Washington), 183
Domes of St. Mark’s (Venice), 114
Domestic architecture;
Egyptian study of, 16;
of Greece, 70;
of Rome, 85;
Gothic, 109;
of Spain, 152;
of France, 162;
examples of, in Great Britain, 169;
of America, 183, 184
Doric order;
imitated old Egyptian tombs, 7;
characteristics of, 52–54;
traced back, 54;
and Ionic order, compared, 57;
Propylæa and Parthenon as examples of, 64
Dresden, new theatre and picture gallery of, 177
Ducal Palace (Venice), and John Ruskin, 142 (and see Doge’s Palace)
“Easterns,” the, 123 (and see Saracens)
Ebed, the, 126
Ecbatana, palace of, 34
Echinus, 52
Eclectic style, 188
Edfou, temple of, 17
’Early Spanish’ architecture, 106
Egypt, tombs and ruins of, 2–20;
religion of, influencing art, 8;
pillars of, 11;
199hieroglyphics on pillars of, 12;
irregular plans of palaces and temples of, 13;
obelisks of, removed, 15;
ancient houses of, 16;
domestic architecture of, 16;
under the Ptolemies, 17;
decline of arts of, in later days, 19;
in time of Constantine (Emperor), 19;
present knowledge of history of, 20
Elmwood, 184
England;
imitation of other styles of architecture in, 166;
Gothic order in, 166;
examples of various architectural styles in, 169;
art of, at the present time, 172;
revival of Gothic art in, 170
Entablature;
definition of, 54;
of Walhalla, 178
Entasis, 67
Ephesus;
temple of Diana at, 60;
desolation at, 61
Epistyle, 7
Erechtheium (Athens); 59;
and Athena Polias, 62;
burial-place of Erechtheus, 64;
founded by Erechtheus, 64;
example of Attic-Ionic style, 65
Erechtheus, founder of the Erechtheium, 65
Escurial (near Madrid), 146–152;
combination forming, 146;
dome of basilica of, 146;
palace of, 147;
De Amicis’s description of, 148–152;
statues of, by Battiste Monegro, 149;
room of Philip II. in, 149;
basilica of, 149;
church of, 149;
courtyard of the kings of, 149;
convent of, 150, 151
Etruscans; 71;
theatres and amphitheatres of, 72
Euphrates, 29
Exchange at Marseilles, 162
Façade of Ducal Palace, 142
“Farnese Bull,” 81
“Farnese Hercules,” 81
Ferdinand and Isabella, reign of, 145
Fergusson and Gothic architecture, 93
Filippo Brunelleschi and art of Renaissance, 134–138
Fine Art Gallery, near baths of Caracalla, 81
Fitzwilliam College (Cambridge), 169
Flavian Amphitheatre, 80
Florence, cathedral of, 134
Fontaine St. Michel, 165
Fontainebleau, palace of, 154
Fortress, the Acropolis as a, 62
Fortresses of ancient Greece, 48
Forum Boarium, 82
France;
and revival of classic art, 134;
and Gothic architecture, 153;
sovereigns of, as influencing architecture, 154;
change in style in, from Gothic to Renaissance, 156;
style of Henry IV. in, 161;
time of classic revival, 162;
domestic architecture of, 162;
Neo-Grec style in, 165, 166;
modern, 165, 166
Francesco Sforza, 144
Francis I., of France;
and introduction of Italian art, 154;
Louvre rebuilt by, 160
Frieze;
definition of, 53;
of Ionic order, 56;
of Tuscan order, 76;
of Walhalla, 178
Gargoyle, 98
Garibald, King of Bavaria, 90
Gateway Huldah of temple at Jerusalem, 44
Gateways;
in walls of Nineveh, 21;
in walls of Babylon, 29;
golden, iron, and brazen, of palace of Diocletian, 86
200
Germany;
and revival of classic art, 134;
imitation of details of Greek architecture in, 173;
modern architecture of, 173
Ghizeh, pyramids of, 3
Gibbon (historian) and St. Sophia, 122
Giotto’s campanile, 112
Girard College (Philadelphia), 186
Glaber, Rodulphe, 93
Glyptothek at Munich, 177
Gothic order;
Fergusson’s location of, 93;
extension and origin of, 93;
invention of interior aisles in, 98;
design of, in ornament, 99;
painted glass applied to, 100;
Spanish variation of, 105;
modification of in Northern Italy, 111;
combined with Eastern decoration in Venetian architecture, 114;
last distinct order, 133;
in France, 153;
union of, with Italian design in France, 154;
in England, 166;
in the Tudor age, 170;
and Houses of Parliament, 171
Goths, temple of Diana burned by, 61
Goujon, Jean, and the Louvre, 160
Goya, 149
Græco-Roman style, 146
Grand Duke of Saxe-Weimar, 110
“Grand Monarque.” See Louis XIV.
“Grands Hommes,” Pantheon dedicated to, 158
Great Hall of Audience;
plan of, 41;
theories concerning, 42
Great Hall of Baths of Diocletian, 80
Great Palace near Persepolis, 36–38
Grecian Doric order;
shaft of, 12;
domestic architecture of, 70
Greece;
art of, as compared with that of Egypt, 20;
prehistoric days of, 47;
origin of architecture of, 48;
coloring of marbles in, 65;
skill in deceiving the eye, in architecture of, 67;
theatres of, 68;
origin of drama in, 68;
effect in Germany of discoveries in, 173
Greenwich Hospital, 169
Gregory I. (Pope), 92
“Groves of Pillars,” 44
Hadrian; 77;
tomb of (castle of St. Angelo), 84
Halicarnassus;
mausoleum at, 68;
in possession of Knights of St. John, 70;
name of, changed to Boodroom, 70;
sculptures of, in British Museum, 70
Hall of Fame, 176 (and see Ruhmeshalle)
Hall of One Hundred Columns, 38
Hall of Xerxes, 38–41 (and see Great Hall of Audience)
Hampton, palace of (designed by Wren), 169
Hanging Gardens of Babylon; 29;
interior structure of, 29, 30;
and Semiramis, 30;
and Nebuchadnezzar, 30
Henry of Ofterdingen, 110
“Hercules of Assyria,” 24
Hermann, Count of Thuringia, 110
Herodotus, “Father of History,” 47
Herostratus, 60
Heshâm, 126
Hexastyle, 52
Homer, “Iliad” and “Odyssey” of, 47
“House of the Virgin,” 62 (and see Parthenon)
Houses of Parliament (London); 170;
and Gothic revision, 171
Hypostyle Hall (Karnak); 11;
compared with St. Peter’s (Rome), 140
201
Ibn-touloun, mosque built by, 123
“Iliad,” knowledge of Grecian history from, 47
Inigo Jones. See Jones, Inigo
Inscriptions, Arabic, 130
Invalides, church of the, 156–158
Ionic order; 52–54;
traced back, 55;
capital of, 55, 56;
architrave of, 56;
columns of, 56;
compared with Doric order, 57;
combined with Doric in interior of the Parthenon, 64
Isabella and Ferdinand, reign of, 145
Isis, temple of, 18
Ismail Pasha, Khedive of Egypt, 16
Italy;
architecture of; 87;
Byzantine order in southern part of, 111;
best days of architecture in, 144
Jaen (Granada);
cathedral of, 146
Jay, Hon. John, home of, 184
Jerusalem, temple of;
Gateway Huldah of, 44;
design of, proving Roman influence, 45
Jones, Inigo (architect); 166;
designer of Chiswick House, 167;
designer of Wilton House, 167
Jordan, ruins beyond, 44
Josef de Churriguera, 146
Josephus, proving time of building temple of Jerusalem, 45
Judea;
art-history of, 44;
ruins of, at Jerusalem, Baalbec, Palmyra, and Petra, 44
Justinian (Emperor), and St. Sophia, 119
Kaitbey, mosque at, 125
Karnak, palace-temple of; 8–12;
Hypostyle Hall in, 10
Khedive of Egypt, Ismail Pasha, 16
Khorsabad, palace of, 26
La Scala, Milan, 180
Lateran, palace of, 81
Leonardo da Vinci, 153
Library of St. Mark’s (Venice), 142
Liverpool, St. George’s Hall at, 169
Livy, works of, 134
Longfellow, home of, 184
Louis I. (Bavaria), and revival of Greek art, 173, 175
Louis XIII. (France), and classic architecture, 161
Louis XIV. (France), and revival of classic architecture, 162
Louis XV. (France), 158
Louis Philippe, 162
Louvre (Paris), 160
Lowell, James Russell, home of, 184
Ludwig Strasse (Munich), architectural failure, 177
Luther and castle of Wartburg, 111
Lyons, new Bourse in, 162
Lysicrates, monument of, 67
Madeleine, church of the, 160
Malaga, churches of, 146
Mans, monastery at, 103
Mansard, Jules Hardouin, 156
Marburg, 110
Marcus Scaurus, 80
Marseilles, exchange at, 162
Mausoleum at Halicarnassus, 68
Maxentius, basilica of, 79
Mecca, 123
Medinet Habou, house at, 16
Mehemet Ali, 15
Memorial Hall (Cambridge), 188
Memphis, ruins of, used in new buildings, 7
Metope, 53
Michael Angelo, and church of S. Maria Degli Angeli, 80;
and St. Peter’s (Rome), 138–140
202
Middle Ages;
Italian towers of, 111;
prosperity of architecture of (Venice), 114
Middle period in America, 184
Milan, La Scala of, 180
Minarets of mosques, 125
Minerva. See Athena
Modern architecture;
imitative, 133;
since Renaissance, 133;
in Italy, 134;
three eras of, in Spain, 146;
in Germany, 173;
diversity of style of, in United States, 186
Mohammed, 123
Mokattam Mountains, 4
Monks of Middle Ages, 102
Monolith of the Gateway Holdah, 44
Monuments in France, 164
Monza, cathedral of, 92
Moresco or Moorish order, 106, 123
Morris, General, and “Old Morrisania,” 184
Morrisania, 184
Mosaics of St. Sophia, 120
Mosque;
at Cairo, 123;
minarets of same, 125;
near Cairo, 125
Mosque of Cordova, 126;
De Amicis, concerning, 126;
naves of, 127;
marbles of, 127;
columns of, 127, 128
Mosque of Kaitboy, 125
Mother of God, church of (Constantinople), 123
Muezzin, the call of, 125, 126
Munich;
modern architecture of, 173, 174;
church of St. Ludwig at, 175;
Ruhmeshalle at, 176;
glyptothek of, 177
Museum;
of Berlin, 177;
at Oxford, 170, 171
Music halls, 180
Mutules, 65
Mycenæ, 48
Mythology, 47
Napoleon I.;
and pyramids, 3;
tomb of, 158;
inscription from will of, 158;
Car of Victory, trophy of, 173
Nebuchadnezzar;
and “Hanging Gardens,” 30;
and Birs-i-Nimrud, 32
Neo-Byzantine order, 117
Neo-Grec order, 166
Nero (Emperor), temple of Diana robbed by, 61
New museum at Oxford, 170, 171
New theatre, Dresden, 177
Newton, discoverer of sculptures at Halicarnassus, 70
New World, discovery of, 145
New York, Trinity Church in, 188
Nile, near Thebes, 14
Nineveh;
walls of, 21;
gateways of, 21;
ornamentation of gateways of, 23;
palaces of, 27
Norman Conquest, 116
Northern Spain, Arabs of, 128
Obelisk;
now in Paris, 13;
at Alexandria, 15;
Cleopatra’s Needles, 15;
expressing worship, 16;
in Central Park, New York, 16;
the Assyrian, 28, 29
“Odyssey,” knowledge of Grecian history from, 47
“Old Morrisania,” 184
Opera House (Paris), 180
Order. See Gothic, Moresco or Moorish, Civil, Neo-Byzantine, Neo-Grec, Romanesque, Byzantine, Saracenic
Order of the Garter, symbol of, 89
Oriental art;
characteristics of, 59;
and the caryatid, 59
Oxford, new museum at, 170
203
Painted glass and Gothic architecture, 100
Palace;
of Khorsabad, 27;
of Ecbatana, 34;
of Susa, 34;
of Artaxerxes Ochus, 38;
of Darius, 38;
of Xerxes, 38;
of Diocletian at Spalatro, 86;
of the Escurial, 147, 149;
of Versailles, 162;
of Whitehall, 166;
of Hampton, 169;
of Winchester, 169
Palaces;
of Assyria, 23–26;
of Nineveh, 27
Palace-temples, Egyptian, 8
Palais du Trocadéro, 165
Pantheon (Rome); 76–78;
rotunda and porch of, 76;
preservation of, 77;
inscription on portico of, 77;
burial-place of Raphael and Annibale Caracci, 78
Pantheon (Paris), 158;
and see church of St. Genevieve
Parapet of Ducal Palace, Venice, 142
Paris;
rebuilt, 162;
the boulevards of, 164;
new opera house of, 180
Parthenon (Athens); 53, 54;
built of Pentelic marble, 64;
of Doric order of architecture, 64;
erected under care of Phidias, 64;
sculptures of, 64
Paul Silentiarius and description of St. Sophia, 120
Pediment, 54
Pepperell, Sir William, 184
Pericles at Athens, 61
Peristyle, 52
Persepolis;
great palace near, 36–38;
spring residence of Persian kings, 42
Persia;
inscriptions found in, 21;
palaces of, 34;
taught by Assyria and Babylonia, 34;
platforms of, 36;
regularity of architecture of, 43;
faults of architecture of, 44
Peruzzi, 140
Pharaoh, and tombs at Beni-Hassan, 6
Phidias;
and Athena Promachos, 62;
Parthenon erected under care of, 64;
sculptures executed by, 64
Philæ;
temple on island of, 18;
buildings at, 19
Philip II. of Spain;
and decline of Spanish art, 145;
and the Escurial, 146;
cell of, in the Escurial, 149;
chair of, 150
Piazza of St. Mark (Venice), 142
Picture Gallery, Dresden, 177
Piers, Egyptian, 11
Pilasters, 52; 127; (and see Antæ)
Pillar of the Gateway Huldah, 44
Pillars;
of Great Hall of Audience, 38–41;
of Doric order, 52;
of San Miniato, 116;
of Ducal Palace, 142;
(and see Columns)
Pinacotica, near Baths of Caracalla, 81
Pinakothek (Dresden), 177
Pitti Palace, gallery of, 138, 154
Platerisco, 146
Platforms, Persian, 36
Pope, the, and Italian art, 154
Porches of Northern Italy, 112
Porte St. Denis (Paris), 164
Portico;
of basilica of St. Mark’s, 115;
of the Court of Lions, 130;
the Ruhmeshalle, 176;
of Capitol at Washington, 183
Praxiteles and temple of Diana, 60, 61
Priene, temple of Athena at, 55
Priests, patrons of art during Middle Ages, 102
Primaticcio, 153
Prince Louis of Thuringia, 110
Propylæa;
Assyrian, 24;
of Acropolis, 62, 64
204
Proto-Doric order, 7
Ptolemies, 17
Public Library of Munich, 177
Pyramids of Cheops; 2;
size of, 3;
interior of, 4
Pyramids of Ghizeh; 3;
tombs near, 5
Quatrefoil, 142
“Queen Anne style” in America, 186
Rameses the Great. See Colossi.
Raphael, 140
Ratisbon, the Walhalla near, 178
Reformation, the, 133
Religion;
influencing Egyptian art, 8;
a factor in national architecture, 9
Renaissance; 104; 134;
buildings erected in Italy during, 142;
and Leonardo da Vinci, 145;
and Michael Angelo, 145;
and Raphael, 145;
in England, 166
Richelieu (cardinal), 154
“Ritter George,” 111
Roman theatre, first, 80
Romanesque order, 87
Romanesque and Byzantine orders mingled, 122
Rome;
ruled by Etruscans, 71;
acqueducts and bridges of, 74;
earliest works of, directed by Etruscans, 74;
growth of Composite order in, 75;
temples of, 76;
interior architecture of, 76;
Pantheon of, 76–78;
basilicas of, 78;
decline of art in, 80;
theatres of, 80;
triumphal arches of, 81;
tombs of, 83–86;
domestic architecture of, 85;
influence of classic literature in, 133;
St. Peter’s at, 138–140
Rood-screens, 107
Rose windows, 102
Rouen, custom house at, 162
Royal Palace at Munich, 177
Ruhmeshalle (Munich);
columns of, 176;
statue in front of, 176
Ruins;
Assyrian, 21;
Judean, 44;
of temple of Diana, at Ephesus, 60
Ruskin, John;
and Ducal Palace (Venice), 142;
teaching of, 171
St. Bride’s (Fleet Street), 168
St. Elizabeth of Hungary, 110
St. Eustache, church of (Paris), 154
St. Genevieve, church of (Paris), 158
St. George’s Hall, Liverpool, 169
St. James’s (Piccadilly), church of, 168
St. John Lateran, 89
St. Ludwig, church of (Munich), 175
St. Mark’s (Venice), 114;
piazza of, 114;
portico of, 115
St. Mark’s, Library of (Venice), 114
St. Paul’s, cathedral of (London), 167
St. Paul’s, Covent Garden, 166, 167
St. Paul’s without the Walls; 88;
bronze gates of, 89;
columns of, 89
St. Peter’s (Rome);
as compared with palace-temple, 8;
dome and cross of, 138;
and Michael Angelo, 138–140;
begun and finished, 138–140;
criticised, 140
St. Quentin, battle of, 146
St. Sophia, church of (Constantinople);
green jasper columns of, 61; 117;
and Justinian, 119;
Gibbon’s description of, 119;
Paul Silentiarius’s description of, 120
St. Vitale, church of (Ravenna), 123
San Carlo, opera house of (Naples), 180
205
San Miniato, church of (Florence), 115, 116
San Paolo fuori della Mura. See St. Paul’s without the Walls
Sansovino, 142
Sta. Maria del Fiore. See cathedral of Florence
Sta. Maria Degli Angeli, church of, and Michael Angelo, 80
Saraceni. See “the Easterns”
Saracenic architecture, 123, 124;
principal homes of, 126;
study of, 132
Sargon, 26
Scaurus, Marcus, 80
Schliemann, 48
Sculpture Gallery of Munich, 177
Sculptures;
executed by Phidias, 64;
Gothic use of, in decoration, 107
Segovia, churches of, 146
Semiramis (Queen), and “Hanging Gardens,” 30
Sennacherib, 26
Septimius Severus;
and Pantheon, 77;
arch of, 82;
wife of, 82
Sepulchres, 85 (and see Tombs)
Seti I., tomb of, 7
Sforza, Francesco, 144
Shaft of Tuscan column, 76
Shrines of Babylon, riches of, 31, 32
Shushan, 42
Sicilian architecture, remarkable style of, 116
Sicily, Christian art of, 116
Soufflot (architect), 158
Spain;
and Gothic art, 104, 105;
and Moorish architecture, 123;
and classic art, 134;
from time of fall of Granada, 145;
modern architecture of, 146;
domestic architecture of, 152;
people of, as artists, and Fergusson, 152, 153
Sphinx, 13
Spires, 98
Staircase of temple of Diana (Ephesus), 60
Staircases of Persepolis, 36
Statue of Bavaria, 176
Statues of the Escurial, 149, 150
Street of the Tripods, 68
Suphis. See Cheops
Susa, palace of, 34
Sutri, 72
Syene, granite of, in pyramids, 4
Symbol of Order of the Garter, 89
Symbolism of Gothic ornament, 107, 108
Tacitus, 134
Tapestries of Escurial, 149
Temple;
of Karnak, 13;
of Luxor, 13;
of Denderah, 17;
of Philæ, 17;
influenced by Egypt, in building, 17;
of Birs-i-Nimrud, 32;
of Jerusalem, 44, 45;
earliest style of, in Greece, 48;
of Athena at Priene, 55;
of Diana at Ephesus, 60,
and Praxiteles, 60, 61,
and Theodosius I. (Emperor), 61,
burned by Goths, 61,
robbed by Nero, 61;
the Erechtheium as a, 65;
of Vesta, 89
Temple Court of palace of Khorsabad, 27
Temples;
of Babylon, 30;
of Rome, 76;
in the Court of the Lions, 130
Tenia, 52
Thais, 34
Theatres;
of Rome, 80;
list of most important, 179
Thebes;
“Tombs of the Kings” near, 7;
grandeur of ruins of, 7,8
Theodolinda; 90;
iron crown of, 92
206Theodosius I., and temple of Diana, 61
and St. Paul’s without the Walls, 88
Theresa, Queen of Louis I. of Bavaria, 176
Theresienhöhe, 177
Thermæ, 80
Titus, arch of, 82
Tomb;
of Seti I., 7;
of Cyrus, 42, 43;
of Darius, 43;
of Mausolus, 69, 70;
of Hadrian, 84
Tombs;
at Beni-Hassan, 5;
near Pyramids, 5;
“of the kings,” near Thebes, 7;
Persian, 42;
exploration of Persian, 43;
Etruscan, 73;
of Rome, 83–86
Toscanelli, 138
Tower;
of Birs-i-Nimrud, 32;
of Giotto, 112
Towers;
of Babylonish temples, 31;
in Gothic architecture, 98;
of Italy, in Middle Ages, 111;
of Westminster Abbey, 168 (and see Campanile)
Trajan;
basilica of, 79;
and arch of Beneventum, 82
Triglyphs, 53
Trinity Church;
Paris, 160;
Boston, 188;
New York, 188
Tripod, 68
Trojan war, 47
Troy, Schliemann’s discoveries at, 48
Tudor age, Gothic style in, 170
Tumuli, 73
Ula, the, 126
United States;
capitols of, 181;
first buildings of, 181;
classic architecture and, 182;
cella divided in, 182;
characteristic types of edifices in, 188
University of Munich, 177
Valentinian II., 88
Valladolid, cathedral of, 146
Van Rensselaer homestead, 184
Vatican compared with palace-temple, 8
Venice, architecture of, 114
Versailles, palace of, 162
Vesta, temple of, 89
Vignon, 160
Villa Borghese, palace of, 81
Walls;
of Nineveh, 21;
of Babylon, 29
War office (Munich), 177
Wartburg, castle on, 109
Washington (U. S.), national capitol at, 182
Washington, George, and national capital, 182
Wren, Sir Christopher, 167, 168, 169
Wyatville, Sir Jeffrey, 170
Zahra, 129
Transcriber’s Notes
Punctuation and spelling were made consistent when a predominant preference was found in this book; otherwise they were not changed.
Simple typographical errors were corrected.
Ambiguous hyphens at the ends of lines were retained.
Mid-paragraph illustrations have been moved between paragraphs and some illustrations have been moved closer to the text that references them.
Uncaptioned illustrations are decorative Headpieces or the publisher’s logo on the Title page.
Most Index entries that did not match the referenced text have been changed when the differences were hyphenation or accent marks. However, the Index entries for “Neo-Grec” have not been changed to “Néo-Grec”.
The links for some incorrect Index entries have been remedied, but others may remain, as the Index was not checked for accuracy.
Cover created by Transcriber and placed in the Public Domain.